Organizational Culture and Performance

* Martinez: Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114 (e-mail: [email protected]). Beaulieu: Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (e-mail: [email protected]). Gibbons: MIT, 100 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 (e-mail: [email protected]). Pronovost: Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 750 E Pratt St, 15th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21202 (e-mail: [email protected]). Wang: MIT, 100 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 (e-mail: [email protected]). We are very grateful for comments from David Cutler, Joe Doyle, Ann Orloff, Edgar Schein, and Doug Staiger and financial support from the MIT Sloan School’s Program on Innovation in Markets and Organizations. We dedicate this paper to our late colleague and co-author Dr. Elizabeth Martinez. In her quiet and inspiring way, Elizabeth brought us together, showed us the goal, launched us toward achieving it, and insisted that we could finish. The remaining authors are ordered alphabetically, as conventional in economics if not in medicine.